Academic Studies

Minority groups are more likely to protect persecuted groups during episodes of mass killing

Minority Groups are More Likely to Protect Persecuted Groups During Episodes of Mass Killing

Introduction

The history of mass killings is a dark and tragic one, with countless examples of groups being targeted and persecuted for their beliefs, ethnicity, or other characteristics. However, amidst the horror, there are also stories of hope and heroism, of individuals and communities coming together to protect and support those who are being targeted. One hypothesis that has been put forward is that minority groups are more likely to protect persecuted groups during episodes of mass killing. In this article, we will explore this hypothesis and examine the evidence that supports it.

The Geocoded Dataset of Jewish Evasion and Church Communities in the Netherlands During the Holocaust

To test the hypothesis that minority groups are more likely to protect persecuted groups during episodes of mass killing, researchers built a geocoded dataset of Jewish evasion and church communities in the Netherlands during the Holocaust. Spatial regression models of 93 percent of all Dutch Jews demonstrate a robust and positive correlation between the proximity to minority churches and evasion. While proximity to Catholic churches increased evasion in dominantly Protestant regions, proximity to Protestant churches had the same effect in Catholic parts of the country.

The Effect of Religious Minority Groups on Local Level Tolerance

Municipality level fixed effects and the concentric dispersion of Catholicism from missionary hotbed Delft are exploited to disentangle the effect of religious minority groups from local level tolerance and other omitted variables. This suggests that it is the local configuration of civil society that produces collective networks of assistance to threatened neighbors. In other words, it is not just the presence of minority groups that leads to increased protection of persecuted groups, but rather the way in which these groups interact with each other and with the broader community.

Examples of Minority Groups Protecting Persecuted Groups

There are many examples throughout history of minority groups protecting persecuted groups. During the Holocaust, for example, many non-Jewish individuals and groups risked their own lives to protect Jews from the Nazis. In Denmark, the entire population rallied to protect their Jewish neighbors, smuggling them out of the country to safety in Sweden. In Rwanda, Hutu and Tutsi individuals who refused to participate in the genocide risked their own lives to protect members of the other group.

Statistics on Minority Groups Protecting Persecuted Groups

Statistics also support the hypothesis that minority groups are more likely to protect persecuted groups during episodes of mass killing. A study of the Rwandan genocide found that individuals who belonged to minority groups were more likely to protect members of the targeted group than those who belonged to the majority group. Similarly, a study of the Holocaust found that non-Jewish individuals who lived in areas with a higher percentage of Jews were more likely to help Jews evade the Nazis.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the hypothesis that minority groups are more likely to protect persecuted groups during episodes of mass killing is supported by both research and historical examples. However, it is important to note that it is not just the presence of minority groups that leads to increased protection, but rather the way in which these groups interact with each other and with the broader community. By understanding the factors that contribute to collective networks of assistance, we can work to promote greater tolerance and protection for all members of society.

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